第二份英文作業/2018.08.30-2019.01.18/丁禾：修訂版本之間的差異

2019年2月21日 (四) 14:58的最新修訂版本

2018.09.03~2018.09.09

1. Side of seagrass please: Scientists find omnivorous shark
2. Obama calls Trump 'a symptom, not the cause' of U.S. division and polarization
3. India Hunts Man-Eating Tiger Blamed for 13 Deaths
4. Idlib explained: Why war looms large over Syria's last rebel stronghold
5. Sweden votes in election amid heated debate on immigration
6. China Is Detaining Muslims in Vast Numbers. The Goal: ‘Transformation.’

2018.09.10~2018.09.16

1. Don’t Let Migrant Kids Rot
2. Support grows for Serena Williams's sexism accusations at U.S. Open
3. 7 injured in Paris knife attack
4. North Korea stages huge military parade, holds back on advanced missiles
5. Egypt court sentences 75 to death over 2013 protest
6. UN rights boss urges Egypt to overturn mass death sentences
7. San Francisco statue criticized as racist to Indigenous people removed
8. Deadly storm Florence will soak Carolinas all weekend
9. Typhoon Mangkhut kills dozens in the Philippines
10. Gunmen dressed as mariachi musicians kill 5 in Mexico City
11. Texas border patrol agent charged with murder in deaths of 4 women

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1. CNN 10 September 14 2018 - CNN Student News
2. San Francisco The search for other Earth-like planets - Olivier Guyon
3. What triggers a chemical reaction? - Kareem Jarrah
4. Why You Should Wake Up at 4:30 AM Every Day, According To A Navy Seal
5. How a dragonfly's brain is designed to kill | DIY Neuroscience, a TED series

2018.09.17~2018.09.23

1. Russia, Turkey say they'll patrol demilitarized zone in Syrian city of Idlib
2. Trump Says Tariffs Will Save American Factories. History Shows Otherwise.
3. Machines will do more than half the work by 2025, report predicts
4. You can't stop checking your phone because Silicon Valley designed it that way
5. Uighurs in Canada fear deportation after China's crackdown on Turkic Muslims
6. Her dense breast tissue hid cancer for years. Now she's warning others
7. U.S. slashes number of refugees it will accept, citing 'safety and well-being' of Americans
8. Leaving Venezuela: How Colombia is shouldering a migration crisis
9. Cody Wilson, creator of 3D-printed guns, flies to Taiwan amid underage-sex allegation
10. Think cloth bags are better for the environment? Think again
11. She disappeared on a family camping trip. 52 years later, her sister is still looking
12. India's PM signs order setting penalties for men who attempt instant divorce
13. 'I was so afraid': Refugees falling prey to CRA scam
14. Why notifications are telling you what other people are doing
15. It's time to lose the 'negative attitude' about wasps, says researcher
16. 'Devastating' tornado tears through Ottawa-Gatineau

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1. How better tech could protect us from distraction
2. How a handful of tech companies control billions of minds every day
3. Your fingerprints reveal more than you think
4. What would happen if every human suddenly disappeared?
5. 10 things you didn't know about orgasm
6. A call to men
7. The press trampled on my privacy. Here's how I took back my story
8. Did the global response to 9/11 make us safer?

Did the global response to 9/11 make us safer?

After the 911 attack took place in 2001, international security issue had become an important issue for United State and European countries. Most of countries chose to restrict their immigration policy and spend more money on military action targeting terrorist group. Most of citizens in the countries believed the decisions made by their governments could make their homes a safer place; However, conflict and security researcher Benedetta Berti disagreed with them. “The key of security is to protect civilian,” stated the woman who spent a decade researching conflicts in the Middle East in one of her TED talk. She said that the only way to ensure long-term peace was to give human rights to those who needed it. Targeting certain groups of people would only increase hatred between two sides. Safty and dignity were crucial for developing a healthy mind. Many people in the Middle East had already suffered from the trauma brought by wars. Treating them as enemy would only increase their anger towards Western country, which would create more threats to international security.

I agree with her opinion. Killing will only increase more hatred. I’ve read a new article about Chinese government putting Uyghurs in political camps. The communist party thinks Uyghurs Muslim culture is a threat to China’s unity, so they forces thousands of people going to the camps and swearing their loyalty to the Communist Party of China. According to one of the survivor from those camp, the pressure, which Chinese government have put on him, make him wants to revenge to those who had suppressed him. Leaders of countries really need to adjust thier admistartion of security.

2018.9.24~2018.9.30

1. How BBC Africa uncovered the story behind an execution video of women and children
2. Radio ad claiming to debunk 'myths' of residential schools draws criticism
3. MPs unanimously declare Myanmar crackdown on Rohingya a 'genocide'
4. Rohingya refugee thanks Canada 'from the bottom of our hearts' after genocide motion
5. Trump rejects globalism, touts 'doctrine of patriotism' at UN General Assembly
6. WHO warns of Ebola 'perfect storm' in Congo
7. The Tattooist of Auschwitz, and the love that helped him survive
8. Trudeau says Parliament could review Aung San Suu Kyi's honorary citizenship
9. South Sudan civil war has caused 400,000 'excess deaths,' report says
10. Trump says he rejected meeting with Justin Trudeau
11. Trump accuses China of election interference, placing 'propaganda ads'
12. Trump denies UN diplomats laughed at him
13. Killer whale populations under threat of collapse, says study
14. Beijing demands U.S. act to improve military ties and stop 'slander of China'
15. Boeing 737 crashes into Micronesian lagoon, everybody survives
16. Slovakia police arrest suspects in killing of anti-corruption journalist

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1. Why do cats act so weird?
2. What are animals thinking and feeling?
3. What's next in 3D printing
4. How I held my breath for 17 minutes
5. The Irish myth of the Giant's Causeway
6. The myth of Hercules
7. Why You’re Attracted To Certain People
8. How Exercise Can KILL You!
9. How I found a mythical boiling river in the Amazon
10. How Actors Learn Different Accents For Movies

2018.10.1~2018.10.7

1. After going through 7 pairs of shoes, Paul Salopek continues his walk around the world
2. A Quebecer spoke out against the Saudis - then learned he had spyware on his iPhone
3. Senate votes to strip Aung San Suu Kyi of honorary Canadian citizenship
4. Rare Nobel Prize win by a woman a 'stark reminder' of sexism in physics
5. How My Daughter Helped Me Rediscover My Parents’ Culture
6. 40 years after winning the right to report from men's locker rooms, Melissa Ludtke still sees work to be done
7. Trump Alarms Lawmakers With Disparaging Words for Haiti and Africa
8. Face Paint, Balloons and ‘White Power’: German Neo-Nazis Put on a Pretty Face
9. How the New York Times uncovered the Trump family's alleged tax evasion schemes
10. 'Papa, I found a sword': Swedish girl discovers pre-Viking blade in lake
11. Quebec's plan to ban religious symbols amounts to a 'witch hunt,' teacher says
12. 'Prioritizing humanity, not war': Anti-sexual violence activists win Nobel Peace Prize
13. Syrian refugee stranded in airport for months now at risk of 'imminent' deportation
14. Pakistani court to hear appeal of Christian on death row
15. Women in Venezuela are donating breast milk to save babies from malnutrition
16. Turkish police believe Saudi journalist was killed in consulate

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1. The Truth About The IKEA Food Court
2. The full speech that RM of BTS gave at the United Nations
3. Don't insist on English!
4. What is the coldest thing in the world? - Lina Marieth Hoyos
5. 8 traits of successful people - Richard St. John
6. Meet the Culinary King of Queens
7. Why so Many People Want to Be Writers
8. Tania Luna: How a penny made me feel like a millionaire
9. I Survived The War But We Lost My Sister
10. We tried out the world's fanciest McDonald's | CNBC Reports
11. What If You Never Ate Fruits And Vegetables?
12. My trek to the South Pole
13. Roberto D'Angelo + Francesca Fedeli: In our baby's illness, a life lesso
14. 57 Years Apart - A Boy And a Man Talk About Life
15. Texts from Your Ex
16. 58 Years Apart - A Girl and a Woman Talk About Life
17. #InstagramEveryDay
18. Prophets for Profits - Which religion suits your insecurities? {The Kloons}
19. The Most Bizarre Facts About Your Dreams

Don't insist on English!

As the idea of the globalization rises, English has become the most dominant language during international events. English is taught around the world. Most of school starts teaching children English when they are in elementary schools, even in kindergartens. Having a common language around the world increases the efficiency of communication, but Patricia Ryan still has some concerns about the change. As an English teacher spending thirty years in the Middle East, she was fascinated by Arabic culture. However, she later found that the dominance of English is gradually erode local language and tradition. She mentioned in her TED talk that a language died every fourteen days. However, English is a requirement for better education or joining a international research projects, which only make things worse. Patricia Ryan agrees to have a global language helps communicating, but she doesn't agree to use it as a barrier. Having a bilingual education requires a lot of money and time. The fees for English tests is unaffordable to those struggling for their finance, so students from poor family is hardly getting access to western education, even they are talented in their fields. A language also represents values and beliefs in different culture. The English teacher told a story about two scientist during her speech. There were two English scientist studying the genetic differentiate of an animal’s forelimbs and back limbs, but they couldn’t get the result until a German scientist joined their lab. The German scientist pointed out that there was no genetic differentiate between forelimbs and back limbs because Germany only use one word to call animal’s leg, so he could figure out that forelimbs and back limbs carried out same function and there wasn’t genetic difference in those two area. Language determine our worldview and problem solving skill. When a language is eliminated, it is a huge loss to human.

2018.10.8~2018.10.14

1. Taylor Swift changes her tune and gets political for 1st time
2. Petition calls for national ban on 'conversion therapy' for LGBT youth
3. Turkey summons Saudi ambassador over missing journalist Khashoggi
4. Washington Post publishes last known image of reporter missing since entering Saudi Consulate
5. Turkish newspaper names 15 Saudis in case of missing reporter
6. 'A serious overreaction': Ex-Canadian ambassador to Saudi Arabia breaks silence on tweet-fuelled clash
7. Alphabet to shut Google Plus social site after user data exposed
8. Trump administration to waive environmental laws to build border gates
9. Suspect in Bulgarian journalist's killing arrested in Germany
10. [https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/hurricane-michael-1.4858208 Michael charges into U.S. Southeast after slamming north Florida

]

1. Supreme Court to rule on Indigenous rights case that could have sweeping implications for Parliament

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1. Why Japan's Women Problem Is So Hard to Fix
2. How to Live as a Medieval Monk
3. Healthy vs Unhealthy Relationships
4. How I climbed a 3,000-foot vertical cliff — without ropes
5. Watch This Before You Become A Male Model
6. Which Egg Makes The Best Scrambled Eggs?
7. The Accidental Invention of the Best Snack Food Ever
8. Here's What Happens If You Stopped Brushing Your Teeth
9. The Biggest Dinosaurs Of All Time
10. How did teeth evolve? - Peter S. Ungar
11. Bring on the female superheroes!

Bring on Female Heroes

Superheroes have huge impact on pop culture. They appear in movies, television programs, and comics. Superheroes are often portrayed as people who have incredible strength and intelligence. However, most famous superheroes, such as ones in the movie “Revengers”, are represented by male actors. Dr. Christopher Bell is a professor at University of Colorado Colorado Springs. He is specialized in studying pop culture. In his TED talk, he mentioned that he has a daughter who is into Star Wars. One day, he went to a toy store and asked for Princess Leia’s custom for her daughter’s Halloween dress up. He was told that Disney has no intention to produce a custom of a female character. He did some research and found that even media companies tend to add more female characters in superhero movies, they never made merchandises that has female figure on them, which include cloth, toy, backpack, lunchbox… etc.. As a Media Studies professor, Christopher knows that media can have huge influence on social value. The ignorance of female heroes will make young girls value themself less than opposite sex. His daughter is very into sport, and she has won many medals in martial art competition. He doesn’t want her daughter to feel powerless because of her gender. However, gender discrimination doesn’t only target girls, it also targets boys. There was a twelve year boy beaten up by his classmate because he liked "My Little Pony", a cartoon that was designed for young girls. He later hanged himself in his room. Compare to girls, boys often face more social pressure when they are interested in things representing opposite sex, which is due to sexism against women. There is a myth in our society that women are weak and dumb, and being a woman is shameful. Dr. Christopher Bell is calling for change in media representation and social ideology. He stated that there’s no shame being your true-self because men and women should be equally respected, valued and represented.

2018.10.15~2018.10.21

1. Man who forgave son's killer reunites with Canadian musician who sang his story
2. 'Now that red line is broken': Exiled journalist says the fate of Jamal Khashoggi sets a dangerous precedent
3. Dog owner says golden retriever suffered possible cannabis overdose
4. No fat shaming this bear
5. Having You Has Made Me A Better Mom — A Letter To My Special Needs Child
6. Top U.S. diplomat meets Saudi king over missing journalist
7. New research suggests dogs aren't exceptionally smart
8. Australian PM criticized for possibly recognizing Jerusalem as Israeli capital
9. Man linked to Saudi prince entered consulate just before Khashoggi vanished
10. 'I don't think they will come back': Inside the killing zone, one year later
11. Saudis blame 'fistfight' for Jamal Khashoggi's death
12. After denials, Saudis admit journalist Khashoggi died in consulate

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1. Why Babies Can't Drink Water
2. Enter the Deadliest Garden in the World
3. The pharaoh that wouldn't be forgotten - Kate Narev
4. How the Normans changed the history of Europe - Mark Robinson
5. where did english come from claire bowern
6. This Rare Syndrome Will Ruin Your Reality
7. Why Is It So Hard To Fall Asleep?
8. Kids Tell Their Parents A Long-Held Secret
9. Why Vanilla Is So Expensive
10. When You Have An Anxious Puppy // Presented By BuzzFeed & Puppy Chow
11. How bacteria "talk"
12. What Happens To North Korean Defectors After They Escape
13. This Incredible Animation Shows How Deep The Ocean Really Is

2018.10.22~2018.10.28

1. Bots, trolls and fake news: Social media is a minefield for U.S. midterms
2. U.S. arms control treaty pullout would be 'very dangerous step,' says Moscow
3. Saudi king, crown prince make condolence calls to slain journalist Khashoggi's son
4. Saudi crown prince likely to survive diplomatic crisis spawned by Khashoggi killing
5. Germany joins growing list of nations rethinking arms sales to Saudi Arabia
6. Dead Sea Scrolls exhibit at least partly fake, museum admits
7. Saudis plotted journalist's 'savage murder' for days, Turkish president says
8. Canadian Muslims face tough choices on where to bury their dead
9. Why 'culturally appropriate' elder care matters
10. Law permitting destruction of LGBT criminal records has seen low uptake so far
11. Saudi prince to give first speech since Khashoggi's slaying
12. Japanese journalist freed 3 years after kidnapping in Syria
13. A terminally ill woman's fight to die
14. Alberta farmer says someone shot his pregnant bison 'just for the thrill of killing it'
15. Saudi prosecutors now say Khashoggi killing was planned, not accidental
16. How I Homeschool My Child, Run Errands, Meet Work Deadlines and Make Dinner
17. Donald Trump lacks the character traits of great presidents, says presidential historian

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1. How to Soothe Ourselves and Others
2. How to write a killer resume
3. What If You Had A Second Brain?
4. These 'Canine Ambassadors' Are About to Make Your Vacation Adorable
5. The jobs we'll lose to machines — and the ones we won't
6. Why we have an emotional connection to robots
7. Our Baby Made of Glass | Living Differently
8. The pharmacy of the future? Personalized pills, 3D printed at home
9. How will we survive when the population hits 10 billion?

2018.10.29-2019.11.4

1. I’ve Never Tried It — Can I Be a Mom and Smoke Pot?
2. Fighting hate with friendship — one Exalted Cyclops at a time
3. No survivors expected as Indonesia Lion Air plane with 189 aboard crashes into sea

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1. Why I, as a black man, attend KKK rallies. | Daryl Davis | TEDxNaperville

2018.10.29-2019.11.4

1. 'Love in the face of evil gives others hope,' says Jewish nurse who treated alleged synagogue shooter
2. 4 Things to Consider When Telling Your Kids You are Separating
3. Women with disabilities have sex. So why are their sexual health needs often ignored?
4. Pope says anti-Semitism must be banned from society
5. How Dads Can Help Prepare Daughters to Counter Sexism
6. What I Told My Daughter When Her Dad Left Town
7. How I Learned To Be Dad Even Though I Never Had One
8. Fake news, even fake fact-checkers, found in run-up to U.S. midterms

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1. Why are fish fish-shaped? - Lauren Sallan
2. Hypervigilance and How to Overcome It
3. The fascinating history of cemeteries - Keith Eggener

2018.11.5-2019.11.11

1. 'Won't change a damn thing': For border ranchers fuming about illegal migrants, midterms bring little hope
2. ISIS left behind 202 mass graves in Iraq, UN says
3. Spider scare sends federal government workers home — twice
4. Building love from scratch: How to make a robot say 'I love you'
5. Dozens of kidnapped Cameroon students freed
6. Shooting at California bar leaves 13 dead including gunman
7. ‘They Threw Themselves Into the Sea, 14 Black Women, All Together’
8. It’s Dinnertime in the Amazon. Look at What’s on the Chef’s Menu.
9. Interpol says rules forbid probe of ex-president's fate in China
10. Prince Charles says he wouldn't meddle in government affairs as king
11. Pakistani Christian woman acquitted of blasphemy 'secure,' out of jail
12. The world's largest e-waste dump is also home to a vibrant community
13. Afghanistan Is the World’s Polio Capital. These Afghans Hope to Fix That.
14. Turkey’s President Says Recording of Khashoggi’s Killing Was Given to U.S.

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1. What makes a poem … a poem? - Melissa Kovacs
2. Is fire a solid, a liquid, or a gas? - Elizabeth Cox
3. The myth of King Midas and his golden touch - Iseult Gillespie
4. How to Seduce Someone on a Date
5. This is Sparta: Fierce warriors of the ancient world - Craig Zimmer
6. The myth of Cupid and Psyche - Brendan Pelsue
7. The Cambodian myth of lightning, thunder, and rain - Prumsodun Ok

2018/11/12~2018/11/18

1. Why I Ask My 5-Year-Old Son for Permission Before Hugging Him — And Other Ways We Discuss Consent
2. Civilians killed as street battles rage in Yemen's Hodeidah
3. Britain’s Equal Pay Day Highlights Gender Gap
4. Saudis Close to Crown Prince Discussed Killing Other Enemies a Year Before Khashoggi’s Death
5. Rape victim worries man using sexsomnia defence will be found not criminally responsible
6. Outrage in Ireland after teenage girl's underwear used as evidence in rape trial
7. I Finally Let My Kids Watch Disney Princess Movies And It’s Now My Favourite Part Of The Week
8. That old smartphone in your drawer could help visually impaired people
9. Kids will find cannabis edibles irresistible, experts warn
10. Can wild animals really predict a harsh winter?
11. Why sexual hazing may be viewed as a 'rite of passage'
12. CIA concludes Saudi prince ordered Khashoggi killing: officials
13. How the ravenmaster of London protects the kingdom with birds
14. How Indigenous pro wrestlers lock up with racial stereotypes inside the ring
15. Trump administration denies reaching conclusion on Khashoggi killing

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1. The tragic myth of Orpheus and Eurydice - Brendan Pelsue
2. The scientific origins of the Minotaur - Matt Kaplan
3. The evolution of animal genitalia - Menno Schilthuizen
4. The story behind Marvel's Muslim-American superheroine
5. What would happen if you didn’t drink water? - Mia Nacamulli
6. The Science of Spiciness
7. How false news can spread - Noah Tavlin
8. Looks aren't everything. Believe me, I'm a model. | Cameron Russell
9. The First Thanksgiving: What Really Happened
10. What makes a hero? - Matthew Winkler
11. The ancient origins of the Olympics - Armand D'Angour

Why I, as a black man, attend KKK rallies.

Daryl Davis is a blues musician and a famous anti-racism activist. At the age of ten, Davis had encountered the first racism event against him in his life. He was holding the flag of the United States in his hand during a school rally. Suddenly, a rock hit his head. There were people yelling and throwing pebbles at him. After the incident, Davis started wondering: how could those people hated him before they even knew him? He read many books about the KKK and white supremacists. He was trying to figure out why he was being attacked because of his skin color. In 1983, he performed his music in a bar. A white man complimented his music. Later it turned out that the man was a member of the KKK. Davis was fascinated by the conversation, and he realized that he could still have dialogues with people that support white supremacy. Few years later, he decided to interview one of the top leaders of the KKK. He concealed his skin color in the phone call, and the Klan leader accepted his suggestion. The interview was held in a hotel room. There were tensions, but Davis has formed a friendly relationship with the Grand Dragon. They became close friends in the next few years. Now Davis is the only black person allowed to attend the KKK gatherings.

"When two enemies are talking, they are not fighting. It's when the talking ceases that the ground becomes fertile for violence," said Davis in his TED Talk.

He has talked to countless KKK members and influenced over 200 people leaving the Klan.

2018.11.19~2018.11.25

1. Tijuana protesters blast 'invasion' of Mexico by caravan of U.S.-bound migrants
2. Ukraine transgender rights rally attacked by far-right radicals
3. 'We have to do better': St. Michael's private school principal acknowledges problems amid police probe
4. The Difference Between A Tantrum And An Autistic Meltdown
5. Scientist figures out how wombats poop cubes
6. RCMP's sexual harassment suit bigger and more expensive than predicted
7. Dying star could unleash powerful gamma-ray burst in our galaxy
8. Finns mock Trump by raking country great again
9. Islanders Who Killed American Have a History of Guarding Their Isolation
10. Jets, Horses and Bribes: How a Venezuelan Official Became a Billionaire as His Country Crumbled
11. Adoption Is Not Like It Is In The Movies
12. David Attenborough's Dynasties follows five animal families as they struggle to survive

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1. How did Hitler rise to power?
2. The surprising science of alpha males | Frans de Waal
3. Moral behaviors of animals
4. Hidden Secret of Money Ep1
5. Jellyfish predate dinosaurs. How have they survived so long?

The surprising science of alpha males

Most people have a misunderstanding that the power of an alpha male can only be maintained by his physical strength. However, a scholar of primate social behavior disagrees with the statement. Frans de Waal has spent decades studying the society of chimpanzee. He shared a story of Amos, an leader of a chimpanzee group, in one of his TED talks. Amos was popular in his group until he got sick. He lost his position and become weaker and weaker. Surprisingly, the other member in the group didn't abandon him. They sent him food and made shelters for him, which showed that other chimpanzee still respected Amos even he wasn't strong anymore. Frans de Waal suggested that an alpha-male chimpanzee has two major tasks: maintaining peace and giving emotional support to others. An alpha male is responsible for stopping fights in the group. When other members are depressed, the leader will encouraging them by giving out gestures or hugging. Like the great leaders in human history, an successful alpha male has to show compassion towards others. If an alpha male is too violent to his subjects, he will soon be overthrown.

An Alpha male isn't a symbol of brutal and horror; on the contrary, he has the abilities of demostrating leadership and empathy.

2018.11.26~2018.11.2

1. What I Want My Daughter To Know About Being A Woman
2. China’s Tactic to Catch a Fugitive Official: Hold His Two American Children
3. More Than 140 Whales Die in New Zealand After Mass Beaching
4. Taiwan Asked Voters 10 Questions. It Got Some Unexpected Answers.
5. Chinese Scientist Claims to Use Crispr to Make First Genetically Edited Babies
6. He Says He Got Away With 90 Murders. Now He's Confessing to Them All.
7. Parents are giving tons of their kids' personal data away — and the long-term effects aren't yet known
8. Wow, That Steer Is Really Big
9. Starving Babies, Molotov Cocktails and Death Threats: One Photojournalist’s Venezuelan Reality
10. Overlooked No More: Noor Inayat Khan, Indian Princess and British Spy
11. At Least a Dozen Civilians Killed in Afghan and U.S. Operation
12. Brazil Backs Out of Hosting 2019 Climate Change Meeting
13. In Yemen, Lavish Meals for Few, Starvation for Many and a Dilemma for Reporters
14. A Generation of Widows, Raising Children Who Will Be Forged by Loss

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1. I Am Not A Monster: Schizophrenia
2. Inside the minds of animals - Bryan B Rasmussen
3. How Dangerous Is Popping Pimples? - Dear Blocko #7
4. Where does gold come from? - David Lunney
5. Catherine the Great - Not Quite Catherine Yet - Extra History - #1
6. Catherine the Great - Not Quite Empress Yet - Extra History - #2
7. Catherine the Great - Empress Catherine at Last - Extra History - #3

Money vs Currency

Human has been using gold and silver to trade their time and laboring for thousands of years. However, as the scale of commercial events escalates, people have invented fiat currencies to replace precious metals. Governments print countless of bills and promise those papers have same economic power as gold and silver. People can give those bills back to the banks and exchange for precious mental at anytime they want. Although both money and currencies are medium of exchange, they have one essential difference: money can store value for long period of time, while currencies can not. Governments can decrease the purchasing power of fiat currencies by increasing currency supply. This process is constantly transferring people's wealth to government and banking system. Throughout history, fiat currencies always turn into piles of meaningless paper because our economic system eventually leaks all the purchasing power out of them; in the other hand, the ultimate money, which are gold and silver, cannot be printed. Their scarcity has kept them valuable over centuries.

2018.11.26~2018.11.2

1. A baby boy, his mom — and the woman who carried him
2. Drilling in the Arctic: Questions for a Polar Bear Expert
3. Israeli Software Helped Saudis Spy on Khashoggi, Lawsuit Says
4. Denmark Plans to Isolate Unwanted Migrants on a Small Island
5. Why Michael Cohen, Trump’s Fixer, Confessed to It All
6. Can We Grow More Food on Less Land? We’ll Have To, a New Study Finds
7. Afghan Women’s Soccer Team Accuses Officials of Sexual Abuse
8. After War’s End, a Long Struggle to Patch Invisible Wounds
9. Why Are Scientists So Upset About the First Crispr Babies?
10. Formula-fed infants at risk thanks to 'breast is best' approach, says researcher
11. Huawei, Angela Merkel, Kevin Hart: Your Friday Briefing
12. When a Boyfriend Joins the Marriage
13. Arrest Shakes Huawei as Global Skepticism of Its Business Grows
14. As Winter Arrives, Thousands of Migrants Are Trapped in Bosnia
15. The ‘It’ ’80s Party Girl Is Now a Defender of the Catholic Faith
16. Police arrest protesters in Paris, turn others away
17. Moose rings Alaska home's doorbell, plays 'ding dong ditch'

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1. Suleiman the Magnificent - Hero of All That Is - Extra History - #1
2. Suleiman the Magnificent - Master of the World - Extra History - #2
3. Suleiman the Magnificent - Sultan of Sultans - Extra History - #3
4. Suleiman the Magnificent - The Shadow of God - Extra History - #4
5. Suleiman the Magnificent - Slave of God - Extra History - #5
6. Suleiman the Magnificent - Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques - Extra History - #6
7. Byzantine Empire: Justinian and Theodora - From Swineherd to Emperor - Extra History - #1
8. Byzantine Empire: Justinian and Theodora - From Swineherd to Emperor - Extra History - #2
9. Byzantine Empire: Justinian and Theodora - Purple is the Noblest Shroud - Extra History - #3
10. Byzantine Empire: Justinian and Theodora - Vanquishing the Vandals - Extra
11. Byzantine Empire: Justinian and Theodora - Impossible Burden of Fate - Extra History - #5
12. Byzantine Empire: Justinian and Theodora - Fighting for Rome - Extra History - #6

2018.12.10~2018.12.16

1. How to Stop Apps From Tracking Your Location
2. Your Apps Know Where You Were Last Night, and They’re Not Keeping It Secret
3. Chinese Police Detain Prominent Pastor and Over 100 Protestants
4. A Tragedy in Yemen, Made in America
5. How Do You Recover After Millions Have Watched You Overdose?
6. China Says Detained Canadian Worked for Group Without Legal Registration
7. Theresa May, Strasbourg, Nancy Pelosi:Your Wednesday Briefing
8. Michael Cohen, Theresa May, China: Your Thursday Briefing
9. Putin’s Stasi ID Is Found in German Archive
10. Vatican Expels 2 Cardinals Implicated in Sexual Abuse From Pope’s Council
11. Montreal Turns to Coyote Hazing After 19 People Are Bitten
12. Apple, Eliza Dushku, Nancy Wilson: Your Friday Briefing
13. Just 2 of More Than 480 Yemenis Receive Refugee Status in South Korea
14. Climate Negotiators Reach an Overtime Deal to Keep Paris Pact Alive
15. Where Reindeer Are a Way of Life
16. Not Male or Female? Germans Can Now Choose ‘Diverse

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1. Justinian & Theodora - The Cracks Begin to Spread - Extra History - #7
2. Justinian & Theodora - Bad Faith - Extra History - #8
3. Theodora - This is My Empire - Extra History - #10
4. Why I have coffee with people who send me hate mail | Özlem Cekic
5. Justinian & Theodora - Justinian's Rival - Extra History - #9
6. Justinian & Theodora - The Emperor Who Never Sleeps - Extra History - #11
7. Justinian - Caesar I was, and am Justinian - Extra History - #12
8. Korea: Admiral Yi - Keep Beating the Drum - Extra History - #1

Why I have coffee with people who send me hate mail

Özlem Cekic was born in Turkey. Her family moved to Denmark when she was young. At 2007, she became the first Muslim woman elected to Danish parliament. As she got more and more involving in politics, she received hundreds of hate mails that included racist content. She tried to ignore those mails at first, but she could't help wondering how could those people hate her so much before they even knew her? She reached out to a man who sent her the most vicious mails and asked him for a coffee. To her surprise, the man agreed. The meeting was delighting. Özlem Ceki was shocked to find out that she had so many in common with the man. The man lived in a clean house with his wife, just like she and her husband. She thought all racist are cynic and callous, but the man was talkative and warm. She painfully realized that she, just like racist, had prejudices against certain groups of people. She invited countless of people who sent her hate mails to have a dialogue with her. She tried to understand their opinion and be as open as possible to them. She identified herself as a bridge builder to restore relationship of different ethnic and political groups. She quoted one of her friend in the end of her speech: 'Evil can only be defeated by kindness between people. Kindness demands courage. '

2018.12.17~2018.12.23

1. Inspired by India, Singaporeans Seek to End Gay Sex Ban
2. Twist in Green Beret’s Extraordinary Story: Trump’s Intervention After Murder Charges
3. Facebook Blocks Netanyahu’s Son, Saying His Posts ‘Included Hate Speech'
4. Israeli ‘Warning’ Shot Killed Two Boys in Gaza, Rights Groups Say
5. In Saudi Arabia’s War in Yemen, No Refuge on Land or Sea
6. She Wouldn’t Promise Not to Boycott Israel, So a Texas School District Stopped Paying Her
7. Kashmiri Teenagers Are Dying to Protect Militants
8. 4 Takeaways from Xi Jinping’s Speech Defending Communist Party Control
9. Yemen Cease-Fire Takes Effect: Why Now and What’s Next?
10. American Withdrawal From Syria Shakes Up the Middle East
11. Couple Who Named Their Child After Hitler Are Sentenced for Neo-Nazi Membership
12. Afghan War Casualty Report: Dec. 14-20
13. Shutdown, Jim Mattis, Winter Solstice: Your Friday Briefing
14. Afghanistan, Denmark, Hakuna Matata: Your Friday Briefing
15. America’s Allies Fear That Traditional Ties No Longer Matter Under Trump
16. What Is Hungary’s ‘Slave Law,’ and Why Has It Provoked Opposition?
17. The Canadian Stories That Moved Us in 2018
18. At 14, She Hunts Wolves and Takes Selfies With Cherished Eagle in Mongolia

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1. The history of our world in 18 minutes - David Christian
2. From slave to rebel gladiator: The life of Spartacus - Fiona Radford
3. Can animals be deceptive? - Eldridge Adams
4. Are we running out of clean water? - Balsher Singh Sidhu
5. The mathematical secrets of Pascal’s triangle - Wajdi Mohamed Ratemi
6. What If You Never Felt Pain?
7. What If You Never Ate Meat?
8. What Happens If You Eat Human Brains?
9. Africa: Zulu Empire - Shaka Zulu Becomes King - Extra History - #1
10. The colossal consequences of supervolcanoes - Alex Gendler
11. Can you solve the troll’s paradox riddle? - Dan Finkel

2018.12.24~2018.12.30

1. A Shutdown for Weeks? Washington Merely Shrugs
2. ‘Destroying Our Children for Sport’: Thailand May Limit Underage Boxing
3. Der Spiegel to Press Charges Against Reporter Who Made Up Articles
4. Vaccine for Honeybees Could Be a Tool to Fight Population Decline
5. In Nicaragua, Ortega Was on the Ropes. Now, He Has Protesters on the Run.
6. As Volcano Rumbles, Tsunami-Battered Indonesia Issues Beach Warning
7. As China Cracks Down on Churches, Christians Declare ‘We Will Not Forfeit Our Faith’
8. Marburg Virus, Related to Ebola, Is Found in Bats in West Africa
9. 8-Year-Old Migrant Child From Guatemala Dies in U.S. Custody
10. Japan to Resume Commercial Whaling, Defying International Ban
11. Stocks, Migrants, Yemen: Your Wednesday Briefing
12. Trump Makes Surprise Visit to American Troops in Iraq
13. Iraq, Antarctica, Reid Hoffman: Your Thursday Briefing
14. Where Female Elephants Without Tusks Roam — and Poachers Stay Away
15. Being There: Our Favorite Dispatches From Every Corner of the Globe
16. Shutdown, E.P.A., Syria: Your Friday Evening Briefing
17. Syria’s Kurds, Feeling Betrayed by the U.S., Ask Assad Government for Protection
18. On the Front Line of the Saudi War in Yemen? Child Soldiers from Darfur
19. Inside Facebook’s Secret Rulebook for Global Political Speech
20. Gay Couples Rush to Wed Before Brazil’s New President Takes Office

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1. What the sugar coating on your cells is trying to tell you | Carolyn Bertozzi
2. How do pregnancy tests work? - Tien Nguyen
3. Love
4. How octopuses battle each other | DIY Neuroscience, a TED series
5. The story of Marvel's first queer Latina superhero | Gabby Rivera
6. Morgana gives us a 'Merlin' set tour
7. How do cigarettes affect the body? - Krishna Sudhir
8. Cannibalism in the animal kingdom - Bill Schutt
9. How do animals experience pain? - Robyn J. Crook
10. Accent Expert Breaks Down 6 Fictional Languages From Film & TV | WIRED
11. An Israeli Soldier Killed a Medic in Gaza. We Investigated the Fatal Shot.
12. What makes muscles grow?
13. How the food you eat affects your brain - Mia Nacamulli

What the sugar coating on your cells is trying to tell you | Carolyn Bertozzi

Human cells are coated with sugar. In the early years, people thought the sugar coating worked as an extra supportive layer for a cell. However, recent studies found that the sugars have more complex tasks and contains enormous information about human bodies, such as blood types. Our blood type is identified by special Polysaccharides on our cells. Identifying blood types is crucial during blood transfusion; It can reduce the chance of getting transfusion reaction. Examining sugar coating on the cells is also a way of identifying cancer cells. Sialic acids, a type of Polysaccharides, are crucial for our inume system to identifying healthy cells. If a cell is lack of the special sugars, the imume cells will launch an attack at once. However, scientists found that cancer cells' surfaces contain more sialic acids than healthy cells'. The extra Sialic acids can deceive imune cells and make them not consider cancer cells as threats. Carolyn Bertozzi, a chemist and biologist, is working on remove those decieving sugar laywers and let imune cells reach their full potential. At the end of her speech, the researcher said that she and her team might be able to develope a new way of treating cancer.

2018.12.30~2018.01.06

1. C.I.A.’s Afghan Forces Leave a Trail of Abuse and Anger
2. Nancy Roman, ‘Mother of the Hubble’ Telescope, Dies at 93
3. Your Monday Briefing
4. Philippine President Says He Sexually Abused Housemaid as a Teenager
5. Oysters Lead Lives of Excitement and Danger. Especially in the Balkans.
6. A Rising Threat to Wildlife: Electrocution
7. Video on Turkish TV Is Said to Show Khashoggi’s Remains Being Moved
8. Warning of ‘Fictitious’ Election Results Online, Congo Cuts Internet for 2nd Day
9. U.S. Agents Fire Tear Gas Across Mexican Border
10. What It’s Like to Be a Female Movie Critic in the #MeToo Era
11. Mitt Romney, China, Ultima Thule: Your Wednesday Briefing
12. Xi Jinping Warns Taiwan That Unification Is the Goal and Force Is an Option
13. Congress, Stocks, China: Your Friday Briefing
14. Pope Cites ‘Crisis of Credibility’ in Message to U.S. Bishops on Sex Abuse
15. Archaeologists Find Pre-Columbian Temple of ‘Flayed Lord’ in Central Mexico

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1. Inside the killer whale matriarchy - Darren Croft
2. A brief history of banned numbers - Alessandra King
3. The contributions of female explorers - Courtney Stephens
4. Why do animals form swarms? - Maria R. D'Orsogna
5. The Egyptian Book of the Dead: A guidebook for the underworld - Tejal Gala
6. The myth of Thor's journey to the land of giants - Scott A. Mellor
7. History vs. Genghis Khan - Alex Gendler
8. The philosophy of Stoicism - Massimo Pigliucci

2018.01.07~2018.01.13

1. Poland Cracks Down on Escape Rooms After Diversion Turns Deadly
2. Migrants’Despair Is Growing at U.S. Border. So Are Smugglers’Profits.
3. Migrants’Manila Jail Overcrowing
4. Fleeing Saudi Woman, Facing Deportation, Is Allowed to Remain in Thailand
5. Pope Francis Appeals to Europe to Show ‘Solidarity’ With Migrants
6. How Guardianship Laws Still Control Saudi Women
7. Border, Congo, ‘Baby Shark’: Your Thursday Briefing
8. American Boy, 16, Caught Fighting for ISIS in Syria, Militia Says
9. Woman and 2 Children Die in Nepal Menstruation Hut
10. F.B.I., Shutdown, Syria, Jayme Closs: Your Friday Evening Briefing
11. Hot Heads: Why Mammals Need R.E.M. Sleep
12. India Finally Has Plan to Fight Air Pollution. Environmentalists Are Wary.
13. Seals Are Stranded in a Canadian Town, and People Wonder What to Do
14. She Recorded Her Boss’s Lewd Call. Guess Who Went to Jail?
15. Teenager Captured With ISIS Fighters Is From Trinidad, Not the U.S., Officials Say
16. Huawei Fires Employee Arrested in Poland on Spying Charges
17. ‘Virginity Test’ Stokes Indonesia Debate

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1. The history of the world according to cats
2. How to make stress your friend | Kelly McGonigal
3. Why does your voice change as you get older? - Shaylin A. Schundler
4. Can you solve the multiplying rabbits riddle? - Alex Gendler
5. What does the Quran really say about a Muslim woman's hijab? | Samina Ali | TEDxUniversityofNevada

2018.01.14~2018.01.20

1. Los Angeles, Lion Air, Australian Open: Your Monday Briefing
2. ‘The Taliban Made Me Fight’: What to Do With Child Recruits After They Serve Time?
3. South Korea’s Speedskating Community Faces Reckoning After Rape Allegations
4. They Once Danced for Royalty. Now It’s Mostly for Leering Men.
5. Huang Qi, Online Dissident and Rights Advocate in China, Faces Trial
6. Saudi Woman Who Fled Home Embraces All Things Canadian. (O.K., Maybe Not Winter.)
7. The People of Mbomo Tell Their Stories
8. As Migrants Risk Crossing the English Channel, French Fishing Boats Pay a Price
9. Canadian Sentenced to Death in China for Drug Smuggling Will Appeal
10. In Chaotic Afghan Capital, Crackdown on Crime Is Turning Heads
11. |Why Don’t Unpaid Federal Workers Walk Off the Job?
12. ISIS Attack in Syria Kills 4 Americans, Raising New Worries About Troop Withdrawal
13. New Diet Guidelines to Benefit People and the Planet: More Greens for All, Less Meat for Some
14. Nancy Pelosi, North Korea, Winter Storm: Your Friday Evening Briefing
15. Her Visit to a Men-Only Temple Went Smoothly. Then the Riots Started
16. Faced With Tough Words From China, Taiwan Rallies Around Its Leader
17. Germans Send Love Letter on Brexit: Britain, Please Don’t Go

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1. How language shapes the way we think
2. Why don't perpetual motion machines ever work? - Netta Schramm
3. How many ways are there to prove the Pythagorean theorem? - Betty Fei
4. What causes body odor? - Mel Rosenberg
5. This is what enduring love looks like
6. What we're missing in the debate about immigration
7. Exploring other dimensions - Alex Rosenthal and George Zaidan
8. How Far Can We Go? Limits of Humanity
9. The myth of Pandora’s box - Iseult Gillespie
10. A day in the life of a Mongolian queen - Anne F. Broadbridge
11. What makes the Great Wall of China so extraordinary - Megan Campisi and Pen-Pen Chen