檢視 水的三態 的原始碼
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水的三態
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[[分類:同學備課]][[分類:科學]] ===活動=== #11.25發布 21 單字,11.26 晨考 #備課簡報 #水的影片 #水的三相圖講解 #冰水共存實驗 #*器材 #*步驟 #熔化熱與汽化熱 #評量 ===水的三相圖=== *壓力單位: #帕:每平方公分一牛頓,一大氣壓為 #百帕:一大氣壓為 1033.6 百帕。 [[File:WaterPhaseDiagram.svg]] ===大氣壓下常見物質的熔點與沸點=== <table><tr style="height: 27.55pt"> <td colspan="6" style="width: 434.05pt; height: 27.55pt; border: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top" width="579"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"> <font size="4">一大氣壓下常見物質的熔點與沸點</font></span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">物質</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"> <font size="4">熔點(℃)</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.5pt double windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"> <font size="4">沸點(℃)</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">物質</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"> <font size="4">熔點(℃)</font></span></p></td> <td style="width: 85.75pt; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top" width="114"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"> <font size="4">沸點(℃)</font></span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">鐵</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">1538</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.5pt double windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">2861</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">水</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">0</font></span></p></td> <td style="width: 85.75pt; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top" width="114"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">100</font></span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">銅</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">1085</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.5pt double windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">2562</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">水銀</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">-39</font></span></p></td> <td style="width: 85.75pt; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top" width="114"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">357</font></span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">金</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">1065</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.5pt double windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">2856</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">酒精</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">-114</font></span></p></td> <td style="width: 85.75pt; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top" width="114"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">78</font></span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">銀</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">962</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.5pt double windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">2162</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">氮</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">-210</font></span></p></td> <td style="width: 85.75pt; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top" width="114"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">-196</font></span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">鋁</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">660</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.5pt double windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">2519</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">氧</font></span></p></td> <td style="border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">-219</font></span></p></td> <td style="width: 85.75pt; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top" width="114"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">-183</font></span></p></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 21.1pt"> <td style="height: 21.1pt; border-left: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">鉛</font></span></p></td> <td style="height: 21.1pt; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">327</font></span></p></td> <td style="height: 21.1pt; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.5pt double windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">1749</font></span></p></td> <td style="height: 21.1pt; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"><font size="4">氦</font></span></p></td> <td style="height: 21.1pt; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">-</font></span></p></td> <td style="width: 85.75pt; height: 21.1pt; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top" width="114"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="letter-spacing: 1pt" lang="EN-US"><font size="4">-269</font></span></p></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 21.05pt"> <td colspan="6" style="width: 434.05pt; height: 21.05pt; border-left: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1.0pt solid windowtext; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid windowtext; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm" valign="top" width="579"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 5; margin-right: 5; margin-top:5" align="center"> <span style="font-family: 新細明體; letter-spacing: 1pt"> <font size="4">根據由實驗測出的熔點或沸點,有助於我們判斷物質的種類。</font></span></p></td> </tr> </table> ===物質七態=== *電漿態 *氣態 *液態 *固態 *電子簡併態(白矮星) *#假設有個魔法師突然把 1 cm<sup>3</sup> 的處於電子簡併態的白矮星物質變到了地球表面,並且初速度為零,材料的體積迅速膨脹至約 1000 m<sup>3</sup>,發出耀眼的光芒,放出約 10<sup>12</sup> 焦耳的能量,大概是一個小原子彈的能量,地面被炸出一個深深的大坑,上方騰起一朵蘑菇雲...: *#*體積:1 cm<sup>3</sup> *#*質量:1000kg,一噸。 *#*溫度:10<sup>7</sup> K,一千萬度。 *#*材質:碳核、氧核、電漿體 *#*內部壓強:10<sup>22</sup> Pa *中子簡併態(中子星) *#魔法師挖來了 1 cm<sup>3</sup> 中子星的核,材料迅速沉向地心,同時吸附地殼物質加速膨脹,電漿體降溫形成中子,中子四散飛出並以約10分鐘為半衰期開始衰變,質子電子的質量比中子少約 0.0008,因此將有 8×10<sup>8</sup>×c<sup>2</sup>的能量釋放出來,約 10<sup>26</sup> 焦耳的能量,相當於整個太陽在約 0.3 秒內釋放出來的所有能量,或者在地下爆炸了10億顆氫彈。地球現在的狀態和被一個直徑數百公里的星體撞了差不多。 *#*體積:1 cm<sup>3</sup> *#*質量:10<sup>12</sup> kg,十億噸。 *#*溫度:10<sup>12</sup>K,一兆度。 *#*材質:夸克膠子電漿體 *#*內部壓強:10<sup>35</sup> Pa *黑洞態 *#魔法師將一塊視界體積 1 cm<sup>3</sup> 的黑洞送到地球表面,恭喜您這次終於不會有爆炸了,除了量子尺度的黑洞會蒸發外, 1 cm<sup>3</sup> 的黑洞是完全可以穩定的。<br/>不過這個黑洞的質量比地球還大些,所以這次是地球被黑洞吸過去了...<br/>物質進入黑洞時產生的巨量輻射迅速熔化地殼,很快,地球變成了一個發著紅光的岩漿球。<br/>岩漿球的體積在慢慢縮小,亮度越來越高,爆發出強烈的γ射線。<br/> 按地球質量乘以3來算,月球的軌道將變成橢圓,聯立角動量守恆和能量守恆,解得近地點為遠地點的1/5。正常的地球月球洛希極限(扯碎小天體的距離)約為地月距離的1/40 ,地球質量乘3後變為約1/27,因此月球會發生變形。<br/>巨量輻射把月球面向地球的一面蒸發,月球的狀態開始接近流體,洛希極限升至約1/14。 月球的形變更嚴重了,蒸發的進度加快,最終月球被扯碎,混入環繞黑洞塵埃雲中... 外圍的塵埃被巨量的輻射驅散,剩下的塵埃被黑洞吸收乾淨,發光漸漸變暗變紅,最後變成紅外線。 黑洞的視界體積增加到約 2 cm3,除此之外彷彿什麼也沒發生過... 體積:1 cm3 質量:10^25kg 材質:微型黑洞
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